Every few months I wonder “why is my Mac taking forever to wake up?” and end up googling pmset again. Here’s the cheat sheet I should’ve written years ago.

Check current settings

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# View all power management settings
pmset -g

# Check hibernate mode specifically
pmset -g | grep hibernatemode

# View current sleep settings
pmset -g custom

Hibernate modes explained

ModeNameBehaviorRAMDiskSpeed
0Regular sleepRAM onlyFast wake
3Safe sleepRAM + Disk backupFast wake, safe on power loss
25HibernationDisk onlySlow wake, saves battery

Mode 0 - Old-school sleep. Contents stay in RAM. Fast wake, but you lose everything if battery dies.

Mode 3 - Default on MacBooks. Writes RAM to disk as backup, keeps RAM powered. Best of both worlds - fast wake, but safe if battery dies.

Mode 25 - True hibernation like Windows. RAM powered off completely, everything written to disk. Slowest wake, but uses almost no battery.

Change hibernate mode

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# Set to regular sleep (fast wake, no disk backup)
sudo pmset -a hibernatemode 0

# Set to safe sleep (default on MacBooks)
sudo pmset -a hibernatemode 3

# Set to full hibernation (slowest wake, saves most battery)
sudo pmset -a hibernatemode 25

Note: -a applies to all power sources (battery and AC). Use -b for battery only or -c for AC only.

Common scenarios

Faster wake times (trade safety for speed)

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sudo pmset -a hibernatemode 0

Maximum battery savings

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sudo pmset -a hibernatemode 25

Restore defaults

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sudo pmset -a hibernatemode 3
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# Disable sleep entirely
sudo pmset -a sleep 0

# Sleep after 10 minutes on battery
sudo pmset -b sleep 10

# Prevent sleep when display is off
sudo pmset -a disablesleep 1

# Show all settings
pmset -g custom

Troubleshooting

Remove sleep image file (reclaim space)

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# Check sleep image size
ls -lh /var/vm/sleepimage

# Remove it (recreated automatically)
sudo rm /var/vm/sleepimage

Reset power management to defaults

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sudo pmset -a restoredefaults

Pro tip: Mode 3 is default for good reason - it’s the sweet spot between wake speed and safety. Only change it if you have specific needs like saving every drop of battery or need millisecond-faster wake times.